Next live trainings - Sydney 22-29 Jan 2027 · Phnom Penh, Cambodia 5-12 Mar 2027
Rick Collingwood GLOBAL HYPNOSIS
ACADEMY
Hypnosis history On or before 10 March 2013 22 min

The Commissionaire's Reports Into The Effectiveness and Existence of Mesmerism

There were three reports submitted by the Commissionaires. The first report found in favour of Mesmer and Animal Magnetism; so the Royal Society refused to...

There were three reports submitted by the Commissionaires. The first report found in favour of Mesmer and Animal Magnetism; so the Royal Society refused to publish it, and another two were quickly requested one for the French Royal Society of Medicine, and one for the King. The report presented to the King was much more damning than the one presented to the Royal Society of Medicine.

Knowing that the King would be offended the Commissionaires focussed strongly on the supposition that women more easily taken sexual advantage of when they were magnetised. After the French Revolution there were several more reports that favourably proclaimed magnetism and its curative properties. Mesmer's name was never mentioned in any of these later testaments.

The effect of the first report was instantaneous and remarkable. The advocates of magnetism, as a therapeutic agent, and the believers in the occult features of the phenomena, such as clairvoyance and thought-transference, had scored a triumph. But it served only to exasperate the average scientist and to intensify his prejudices. The other members of the Academy were against the committee. An outcry was raised on all sides. The sanctuary of science became an arena in which the passions were let loose. The Academy refused to have the report printed, only a few lithographed copies being supplied to those who asked for it, and it rests to this day in silent oblivion in the manuscript archives of the institution. Another committee was soon after appointed, being composed of avowed enemies of magnetism, and headed by a member who had openly sworn hostility to the doctrine. The result was what might have been expected. After the examination of two subjects under circumstances which, in the light of what is now known, rendered failure inevitable, the committee made a very undignified report in 1837, announcing the failure to produce the occult phenomena promised, and impugning the intelligence of the former committee. The third report, in 1837, practically killed mesmerism in France for a great number of years.

Report 1

Conclusions of the first Report of the Royal Academy of Medicine of France in 1831

"The contact of the thumbs or of the hands, frictions, or certain gestures made at a short distance from the body, and called passes, are the means employed to connect, or, in other words, to transmit the action of the magnetiser to the magnetised."

"The means which are external and visible are not always necessary, since, on several occasions, the will, fixedness of stare, have sufficed to produce magnetic phenomena, even without the knowledge of the magnetised."

"Magnetism has acted on persons of different sexes and different ages."

"The time necessary to transmit and communicate the magnetic action has varied from one hour to a minute." "Sleep brought on with more or less readiness, and established to a degree more or less profound, is a real but not a constant effect of magnetism."

"We are satisfied that it has been excited under circumstances where those magnetised could not see, and were ignorant of the means employed to occasion it. "Magnetism has the same intensity, it is as promptly felt, at the distance of six feet as of six inches, and the phenomena developed by it are the same in the two cases." "The action at a distance does not seem capable of being exercised with success, except on individuals who have been already subjected to magnetism."

"During the process of magnetising, insignificant and momentary effects manifest themselves sometimes, which we do not attribute to magnetism alone; such as slight oppression, heat or cold, and some other nervous phenomena, which may be accounted for without the intervention of a particular agent, namely, through hope or fear, prejudice, and the expecting of something strange and new, the ennui occasioned by the monotony of the gestures, the silence and calm observed during the experiments, and, finally, through the imagination, which exercises so great a dominion over certain minds and certain organisations."

"A certain number of the effects observed have seemed to us to depend on magnetism alone, and are not reproduced without it. These are well attested physiological and therapeutical phenomena." "We have not seen that a person magnetised for the first time fell into a state of somnambulism; sometimes it was not till the eighth or tenth sitting that somnambulism declared itself." "We have constantly seen ordinary sleep, which is the repose of the organs of the sense, of the intellectual faculties, and of the voluntary movements, precede and terminate the state of somnambulism." "We may conclude, with certainty, that this state exists, when it occasions the development of new faculties, which have received the denominations of clairvoyance, intuition, internal prevision; or when it produces a great change in the physiological state, as insensibility, a considerable and sudden increase of strength, and when this effect cannot be attributed to any other cause." "When once a person has been made to fall into a magnetic sleep, there is not always a necessity to have recourse to contact, and to passes in order to magnetise anew. The look of the magnetiser, and his will alone, has the same influence on the person. In this case, one may not only act on the person magnetised, but even put him completely into somnambulism, take him out of it without his knowledge, out of his sight, at a certain distance, and through closed doors."

"There usually occur changes, more or less remarkable, in the perceptions and faculties of those individuals who fall into a state of somnambulism by the effect of magnetism." "Some, amid the noise of confused conversations, hear only the voice of their magnetiser; several answer with precision the questions put to them either by the latter or by the persons near them; others hold on conversations with all the persons around them; however, they seldom understand what passes around them. "Most of the time they are entirely strangers to the external and unexpected noise made in their ears, such as the sound of copper vessels forcibly struck, the fall of any heavy substance, etc."

"The eyes are closed; the eyelids yield with difficulty to the efforts made with the hand to open them. This operation, which is not without pain, allows one to see the eyeball convulsed and directed towards the upper and sometimes towards the lower part of the orbit." "Sometimes the sense of smell is, as it were, abolished. One may make them respire hydrochloric acid or ammonia, without their being inconvenienced by it, or without even suspecting it. The contrary occurs in certain cases, and they are sensible to odours."

"Most of the somnambulists that we have seen were completely insensible. One might tickle their feet, nostrils, and the angle of the eyes by the approach of a feather, pinch their skin so as to produce ecchymosis, prick them under the nails with pins put in to a considerable depth, without their evincing any pain or being at all aware of it. In a word, we have seen one person who was insensible to one of the most painful operations of surgery, and whose countenance, pulse, and respiration, did not manifest the slightest emotion."

"Whilst they are in this state of somnambulism the magnetised persons we have observed retain the exercise of the faculties which they have while awake. Their memory even appears to be more faithful and more extensive, since they remember what has passed during all the time, and on every occasion that they have been in the state of somnambulism." "On their awakening they say that they have entirely forgotten all the circumstances connected with the state of somnambulism, and that they never remember them again. With respect to this point we can have no other surety than their own declarations."

"We have seen two somnambulists distinguish with their eyes shut the objects placed before them; they have told, without touching them, the colour and value of the cards; they have read words traced with the hand, or some lines of books opened by mere chance. This phenomenon took place even when the opening of the eyelids was accurately closed by means of the fingers.

"We met in two somnambulists the power of foreseeing acts of the organism more or less distant, more or less complicated. One of them announced several days, nay several months beforehand, the day, the hour, and the minute when epileptic fits would come on and return; the other declared the time of the cure. Their previsions were realised with remarkable exactness." "Considering that magnetism is a generator of physiological phenomena, and a therapeutic agent, it must find its place in the syllabus of medical subjects, and medical men only should practice it, or watch and superintend its employment."

The report concluded with the following address to the members of the Royal Academy:

"The Commission having arrived at the termination of its labours before the closing of this Report, asked itself whether amid all the precautions with which they had surrounded themselves to avoid all surprise; whether with the feeling of constant distrust with which they had always proceeded, they, in the examination of the phenomena observed by them, had scrupulously performed their duty. What other course, said we to ourselves, could we have followed? "With what distrust more marked or more cautions could we have been influenced?

Our conscience, gentlemen, has answered us aloud that you could expect nothing from us which we have not done. Then have we been honest, accurate, faithful observers? It is for you who knew us for so many years, for you who see us constantly either in public life or in our frequent meetings, to answer this question. Your answer, gentlemen, we expect from the old friendship of some of you, and from the esteem of all."

"Certainly we do not presume to make you share our conviction regarding the reality of the phenomena observed by us, and which you have neither seen, nor followed, nor studied with us and as we did." "We do not; then, claim from you a blind credence in all that we have reported. We conceive that a considerable portion of these facts are so extraordinary, that you cannot grant it to us; probably we ourselves would presume to refuse you ours, if you came to announce them at this tribunal to us, who, like you, had neither seen, observed, nor studied any of them." "All we require is that you judge us as we should judge you; that is, that you would be convinced that neither the love of the marvellous, nor the desire of celebrity, nor any interest whatever has guided us in our labours. We were animated by motives of a loftier character, more worthy of you-by the love of science, and by the necessity of justifying the hopes which the Academy had entertained of our zeal and devotion." Report 2

"The commissioners have ascertained that the animal magnetic fluid is not perceptible by any of the senses; that it has no action, either on themselves or on the patients subjected to it. They are convinced that pressure and contact effect changes which are rarely favourable to the animal system and which injuriously affect the imagination. Finally they have demonstrated by decisive experiments that imagination apart from magnetism produces convulsions, and that magnetism without imagination produces nothing.

They have come to the unanimous conclusion with respect to the existence and utility of animal magnetism, that there is nothing to prove the existence of the animal magnetic fluid; that this fluid, since it is non-existent, has no beneficial effect; that the violent effects observed in patients under public treatment are due to contact, to the excitement of the imagination, and to the mechanical imitation which involuntarily impels us to repeat that which strikes our senses.

At the same time they are compelled to add, since it is an important observation, that the contact and repeated excitement of the imagination which produces the crisis may become hurtful; that the spectacle of these crises is likewise dangerous, on account of the imitative faculty which is a law of nature; and consequently that all treatment in public in which magnetism is employed must in the end be productive of evil results. "(Signed) B. Franklin, Majault, Le Roy, Sallin, Bailly, D'Arcet, De Bory, Guillotin, Lovoisier.""Paris, August 11, 1784." Report 3

"The commissioners entrusted by the king with the examination of animal magnetism have drawn up a report to be presented to his Majesty which ought perhaps to be published. It seemed prudent to suppress an observation not adapted for general publication, but we will not conceal this from the kings' minister. This minister has charged us to draw up a note designed only for the kings' eyes. "This important observation concerns morality. The commissioners have ascertained that the chief causes of the affects ascribed to animal magnetism are contact, imagination, and imitation. They have observed that the crisis occurs more frequently in women than in men. The first cause of this fact consists in the different organisations of the two sexes. Women have, as a rule, more mobile nerves; their imagination is more lively and more easily excited; it is readily impressed and aroused.

This great mobility of the nerves, since it gives a more exquisite delicacy to the senses, renders them more susceptible to the impressions of touch. In touching any given part, it may be said that they are touched all over the body, and the mobility of their nerves also inclines them more readily to imitation. It has been observed that women are like musical strings stretched in perfect unison; when one is moved; all the others are instantly affected. Thus the commissioners have repeatedly observed that when the crisis occurs in one woman, it occurs almost at once in others also.

This organisation explains why the crises in women are more frequent, more violent, and of longer duration than in men; it is nearly always due to their sensitive nerves. Some crises are due to a hidden, but natural cause, to an emotional cause to which women are more or less susceptible, and which, by remote influence, accumulates these emotions and raises them to their highest pitch, thus producing a convulsive state which may be confounded with the ordinary crises. This is due to the empire which nature has caused one sex to exert over the other, so as to arouse feelings of attachment and emotion. Women are always magnetised by men; the established relations are doubtless those of a patient to the physician, but this physician is a man, and whatever the illness may be, it does not deprive us of our sex, it does not entirely withdraw us from the power of the other sex; illness may weaken impressions without destroying them.

Moreover most of the women who present themselves to be magnetised are not really ill; many come out of idleness, or for amusement; others, if not perfectly well, retain their freshness and their force, their senses are unimpaired and they have all the sensitiveness of youth; their charms are such as to affect the physician, and their health is such as to make them liable to be affected by him, so that the danger is reciprocal. The long continued proximity, the necessary contact, the communication of individual heat, the interchange of looks, are ways and means by which it is well known that nature ever effects the communication of the sensations and the affections.

The magnetiser generally keeps the patient's knees enclosed within his own, and consequently the knees and all lower parts of the body are in close contact. The hand is applied to the Hypochondriac region, and sometimes that of the ovarium, so that the touch is exerted at once on many parts, and these, the most sensitive parts of the body.

The experimenter, after applying his left hand in this manner, passes his right hand behind the woman's body, and they incline towards each other so as to favour this two-fold contact. This causes the closest proximity; the two faces almost touch, the breath is intermingled, all physical impressions are felt in common, and the reciprocal attraction of the sexes must consequently be excited in all its force. It is not surprising that the senses are inflamed. The action of the imagination at the same time produces a certain disorder throughout the machine; it obscures the judgement, distracts the attention; the women in question are unable to take account of their sensations, and are not aware of their condition.

The medical members of the commission were present to watch the treatment, and carefully observed what passed. When this kind of crisis is approaching, the countenance becomes gradually inflamed, the eye brightens, and this is the sign of natural desire. The woman droops her head, lifts her hand to her forehead and eyes in order to cover them; her habitual modesty is unconsciously aroused, and inspires the desire for concealment. The crisis continues, however, and the eye is obscured, an unequivocal sign of the complete disorder of the senses.

This disorder may be wholly unperceived by the woman who experiences it, but it cannot escape the observant eye of the physician. As soon as this sign has been displayed, the eyelids become moist, the respiration is short and interrupted, the chest heaves rapidly, convulsions set in, and either the limbs or the whole body is agitated by sudden movements. In lively and sensitive women this last stage, which terminates the sweetest emotion, is often a convulsion; to this condition there succeed languor, prostration, and a sort of slumber of the senses, which is a repose necessary after strong agitation.

This convulsive state, however extraordinary it may appear to the observers, is shown to have nothing painful or contrary to nature in it, from the fact that, as soon as it is over, it leaves no unpleasant traces in its subjects. There is nothing disagreeable in the recollection, but, on the contrary, the subjects feel the better for it, and have no repugnance to enter anew into the same state.

Since the emotions they experience are the germs of the affections and inclinations, we can understand why the magnetiser inspires such attachment, an attachment likely to be stronger and more marked in women than in men, so long as men are men are entrusted with the task of magnetism. Undoubtedly many women have not experienced these effects, and others have not understood the cause of the effects they experienced; the more modest they are, the less they would be likely to suspect it. But it is said that several have perceived the truth, and have withdrawn from the magnetic treatment, and those who have not perceived it ought to be deterred from its pursuit.

The magnetic treatment must necessarily be dangerous to morality. While proposing to cure diseases which require prolonged treatment, pleasing and precious emotions are excited, emotions to which we look back with regret and seek to revive, since they possess a natural charm for us, and contribute to our physical happiness. But morally they must be condemned, and they are the more dangerous as it becomes more easy for them to become habitual. A condition in to which a woman enters in public, amid other women who apparently have the same experience, does not seem to offer any danger; she continues in it, she returns to it, and discovers her peril when it is too late. Strong women flee from this danger when they find themselves exposed to it; the morals and health of the weak may be impaired.

Of this danger M. Deslon is aware. On the 9th of last May, at a meeting held at M. Deslon's own house, the lieutenant of police asked him several questions on this point in the presence of the commissioners. M. Lenoir said to him, 'In my capacity as lieutenant-general of police, I wish to know whether, when a woman is magnetised and passing through the crisis, it would not be easy to outrage her?' M. Deslon replied in the affirmative, and it is only just to this physician to state that he has always maintained that he and his colleagues, pledged by their positions to act with probity, were alone entitled and privileged to practice magnetism.

It must be added that although his house contains a private room originally intended for these crises, he does not allow it to be used. The danger exists, however, notwithstanding this observance of decency, since the physician can, if he will, take advantage of his patient. Such occasions may occur daily and at any moment; he is sometimes exposed to the danger for two or three hours at a time and no one can rely on being always the master of his will. Even if we ascribe him some superhuman virtue, since he is exposed to emotions which awaken such desires, the imperious law of nature will affect his patient, and he is responsible, nor merely for his own wrong-doing, but also for that which he may have excited in another.

There is another mode of producing convulsions, a mode of which the commissioners have obtained no direct and positive proof, but which they cannot but suspect; namely a simulated crisis, which is a signal for, or produces in many others, out of imitation. This expedient is, at any rate, needed to hasten or maintain the crises which are an advantage to magnetism, since without them it could not be carried on. There are no real cures, and the treatment is tedious and unprofitable. There are patients who have been under treatment for eighteen months or two years without deriving any benefit from it; at length their patience is exhausted, and they cease to come. The crises serve as a spectacle; they are an occupation and interest, and, moreover, they are to the unobservant the result of magnetism, a proof of the existence of that agent, although they are really due to the power of the imagination.

When the commissioners began their report, they only stated the result of their examination of the magnetism practiced by M. Deslon, to which the order of the king had restricted them, but it is evident that their experiments, observations, and opinions apply to magnetism in general. M. Mesmer will certainly declare that the commissioners have not examined his method, proceedings, and the effects they have produced. The commissioners are undoubtedly too cautious to pronounce on that, which they have not examined, and with which they are not acquainted, yet they must observe that M. Deslon's principles are those of the twenty-seven propositions printed by M. Mesmer in 1779.

If M. Mesmer has enlarged his theory, it thereby becomes more absurd: the heavenly influences are only a chimera, of which the fallacy has long been recognised. The whole theory may be condemned beforehand, since it is based upon magnetism; and it has no reality, since the animal magnetic fluid has no existence. Like magnetism, this brilliant theory exists only in the imagination. M. Deslon's mode of magnetising is the same as that of M. Mesmer, of whom he is the disciple. When we place them together, we see that they have treated the same patients, and, consequently, have pursued the same process: the method now in use by M. Deslon is that of M. Mesmer. The results also correspond: the crises are as violent and frequent, and the same symptoms are displayed under the treatment of M. Deslon and of M. Mesmer. Although the latter may ascribe an obscure and inappreciable difference to his method, the principles, practice, and results are the same. Even if there were any real difference, no benefit from such treatment can be inferred, after the details given in our report and in this note, intended for the king.

Public report declares that M. Mesmer's cures are not more numerous than those of M. Deslon. There is nothing to prevent the convulsions in this case also from becoming habitual, from producing an epidemic, and from being transmitted to future generations; such practices and assemblies may also have an injurious effect upon morality. The commissioners' experiments, showing that all these results are due to contact, to imagination and imitation, while explaining the effects produced by M. Deslon, equally explain those of M. Mesmer. It may, therefore, reasonably be concluded that, whatever be the mystery of M. Mesmer's magnetism, it has no more real existence than that of M. Deslon, and that the proceedings of the one are not more useful nor less dangerous than those of the other. "(Signed) B. Franklin, Majault, Le Roy, Sallin, Bailly, D'Arcet, De Bory, Guillotin, Lovoisier."

During the onslaught that followed the Royal Commission, Deslon remained calm. In considering his best modes of defence he was hoping that his learned colleagues would not be influenced by the wild excess of his adversary and would realise that insults were not arguments. He began his speech by recalling the ordinary rules of courtesy in keeping with the dignity of the assembly, and the proper respect that they should have for one another. He would answer the calumnies later when he had had an opportunity to read the indictment carefully, and he asked that the document should be placed on the chairman's table. Then after going over the main points of the theory and practice he suggested that the doctors should examine and compare two groups of patients: the first treated by orthodox methods, the second as far as possible of the same types treated by Mesmer's methods. If the faculty accepted this proposal they would add to their renown by giving proof of their zeal for truth and regard for human welfare.

Deslon's appeal to his judges' more liberal sentiments awakened no echo. Having deliberated during his absence they were ready and waiting and gave their verdict when he returned:

"An injunction requiring Dr. Deslon to be more prudent in the future Delson's right of voting in the assembly to be suspended for a year. If at the end of the year he had not disavowed Mesmer's doctrine his name would be erased from the list of Members. The propositions of Magnetism are to be publicly rejected".

The report, signed by Le Vacher de la Feutrie, is preserved in the faculty of records. But all was not lost, for it was necessary that two further meetings would have to confirm the findings before Deslon could be deprived of his membership of the faculty. As for Mesmer, no drastic action could be taken in view of the fact that he had qualified in Vienna. In a letter to the Faculty regarding the commission Mesmer wrote: The commission had one gratifying feature, that it lasted only one day; otherwise everything has already been conducted in writing between us.

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Next live trainings - Sydney 22-29 Jan 2027 · Phnom Penh, Cambodia 5-12 Mar 2027
Rick Collingwood GLOBAL HYPNOSIS
ACADEMY
Sydney, January 2027 · Phnom Penh, Cambodia, March 2027

Hypnotherapy
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About Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Phnom Penh, Cambodia, is the Cambodian capital. It is a very safe attractive modern riverside city of broad boulevards fantastic local and international restaurants, and the Cambodian People are among the most friendly and hospitable people in the world.

Accommodation

Very good three-to-five-star accommodation is available in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, with prices ranging from US$35 to US$150 a night. For accommodation we suggest you check out booking.com or agoda.com, and to ensure you are close to the training venue, you should seek a hotel or an apartment in the districts BKK 1, BKK 2, or BKK 3. Either of these areas will ensure that you are a $3 taxi ride from the venue

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The primary currencies are the Cambodian Riel and the US dollar, and international credit and debit cards are widely accepted. Despite some negativity publicity and Cambodia recently, it is mostly nonsense and Phnom Penh, Cambodia is a completely safe and peaceful city not requiring any more caution than any other international city. Visas are very easily available for all international arrivals either pre organised online or at arrival at the new Techo airport

There is much to see and do

If you want the take an opportunity for an extended holiday, close by are the temples of Angkor Wat at Siem Reap, or the riverside town of Kampot. There are numerous sights to please any visitor, such as the Royal Palace and the National Museum of Cambodia, and of course the so called Killing Fields and the notorious S21 torture prison are both in and very close to the city.

Until about 2015 Phnom Penh, Cambodia was rather shabby and run-down due to the long years of war and four years of Khmer Rouge abandonment. The future now looks bright, with many new upscale shopping centres, luxury residence complexes and hotels opening all the time.

Most of the important attractions for the tourist are located besides, or within walking distance of, the riverside in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Here you’ll find a surplus of great restaurants, bars, shops, affordable guesthouses and tuk-tuk drivers ready to take you to all the sights.

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Distance learning, hypnosisDistance learning, mesmerismEight days in class
Distance learning · USD $999

Hypnosis training by distance learning

The Distance Learning Hypnosis Training is the full hypnosis training completed online, in your own time. Study opens the day you register, and the fee is USD $999. If you enrol for an in-class training at any time in the future, that fee is deducted from the in-class fee.

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Distance Learning Hypnosis Training
USD $999

USD $1,500 for both distance learning trainings, a USD $498 reduction. Deducted from a later in-class enrolment.

What the training covers

The training works through practical hypnosis procedures, inductions and deepening, therapeutic application, and working with clients. The material sits in the Hypnosis Training portal of the student training and resource centre, as training manuals and training videos.

The curriculum is written by Rick Collingwood, a therapeutic hypnotist, hypnosis and mesmerism trainer and author who founded Mind Motivations in 1993. His teaching draws on traditional hypnosis, Ericksonian hypnosis, mesmerism, hypnotic fascination, direct and rapid methods, counselling, TFT and NLP.

How the study works

On registration you receive an acceptance letter with your details, the required training manuals in eBook format, and a password for the online student training and resource centre. Study begins the day you register and is worked through at your own pace.

Every training also includes six online group monthly Zoom trainings of two hours each. Resource centre access is permanent and free, so the material stays available after you qualify.

Assessment and the qualification issued

Assessment is an examination and self-assessments. A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis is issued on completion of them.

Practical competency for the in-class training is assessed live, in the room, so that component cannot be completed remotely. Distance learning students who later want it attend one of the scheduled eight-day intakes.

How the fee works if you later train in class

If you enrol for an in-class training at any time in the future, the fees of your distance learning training are automatically deducted from the in-class fee. Nothing is paid twice.

No knowledge is withheld in order to upsell students into another training. The distance learning training is complete in itself.

Who the training suits

The training assumes nothing, and many students arrive with no experience in therapy at all. It also suits experienced practitioners folding hypnosis into a practice they already run.

The Academy has taught clinical hypnosis as a modality within the professions of physical and emotional healing since 1993, to an audience that has included doctors and executives.

Accreditation and practising after you qualify

The Academy is accredited by the Hypnotherapy Council of Australia, the peak body for hypnosis in Australia. The training is also AHA and PHA recognised, which supports graduate membership applications.

No Australian jurisdiction registers hypnotherapists, so practice is governed by professional association membership rather than state registration.

What enrolment includes

  • Access to the Hypnosis Training portal of the student training and resource centre
  • The full training manual set for the Hypnosis portal, supplied in eBook format
  • The training videos from the Hypnosis portal
  • Six online group monthly Zoom trainings, two hours each
  • An examination and self-assessments
  • A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis on completion

Common questions

When does the training start?

The day you register. Online study opens immediately and is worked through at your own pace, so there is no intake date to wait for.

Do I need any background in therapy?

No. The training assumes nothing, and many students arrive with no experience in therapy at all.

Does this include the eight days in class?

No. The distance learning training requires no travel and no in-class attendance, because it is a complete training in itself. If you enrol for an in-class training later, your distance learning fee is deducted from the in-class fee.

Can I take the mesmerism training as well?

Yes. Enrol for both distance learning trainings and the fee for the two together is USD $1,500, a USD $498 reduction, with access to both portals.

Is a payment plan available?

Quoted rates apply when the fee is paid in full on registration. The payment plan conditions are confirmed in the current information pack.

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Distance learning · USD $999

Mesmerism training by distance learning

The Distance Learning Mesmerism and Magnetism Training is completed online, with access to the Mesmerism portal of the student training and resource centre. The fee is USD $999, and study opens the day you register. Enrol for both distance learning trainings and the fee for the two together is USD $1,500.

See the feesThe hypnosis training
Distance Learning Mesmerism and Magnetism Training
USD $999

USD $1,500 for both distance learning trainings, a USD $498 reduction. Deducted from a later in-class enrolment.

What the training covers

The training covers mesmerism and magnetism, the magnetic methods, deep trance work, and historical technique applied in practice. The manuals and training videos sit in the Mesmerism portal of the student training and resource centre.

Mesmerism is taught as a discipline in its own right and as a set of methods that combine with hypnosis in practice. Three of the eight in-class days are given to Advanced Mesmerism and Magnetism for that reason.

Who wrote the curriculum

Rick Collingwood holds Mesmerismus Magnetista (Mesmerism) among his qualifications, alongside Dip. Hypnosis, Dip. Adv. Hypnosis, Dip. 1-2 Counselling, Dip. Mental Health, B.A. Counselling and Cert IV Workplace Training and Assessment. He is a lifetime member of the Professional Hypnotherapists of Australia.

He holds arguably the largest collection of old and rare hypnosis books in the Southern Hemisphere, and the historical material in this training comes from that source.

How the study works

On registration you receive an acceptance letter with your details, the required training manuals in eBook format, and a password for the online student training and resource centre. Study begins the day you register and is worked through at your own pace.

Six online group monthly Zoom trainings of two hours each are included, as they are with every training. Resource centre access is permanent and free.

Enrolling for both distance learning trainings

The hypnosis training and the mesmerism and magnetism training are enrolled for separately or together. Together the fee is USD $1,500, a USD $498 reduction on the two enrolled separately, and you receive access to both portals.

Students who enrol for one training first can take the other later. No knowledge is withheld in order to upsell students into another training.

How this training relates to the eight days in class

Days six to eight of the eight-day in-class training are Advanced Mesmerism and Magnetism. Distance learning covers the same subject in the Mesmerism portal, worked through in your own time.

If you enrol for an in-class training at any time in the future, the fees of your distance learning training are automatically deducted from the in-class fee.

What enrolment includes

  • Access to the Mesmerism portal of the student training and resource centre
  • The training manual set for the Mesmerism portal, supplied in eBook format
  • The training videos from the Mesmerism portal
  • Six online group monthly Zoom trainings, two hours each
  • An examination and self-assessments
  • A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis on completion

Common questions

Do I need to complete the hypnosis training first?

The two distance learning trainings are enrolled for separately or together, and together the fee is USD $1,500. Any entry requirement is confirmed in the current information pack.

When does study start?

The day you register. The portal opens immediately and the material is worked through at your own pace.

Is mesmerism part of the in-class training as well?

Yes. Days six to eight of the eight-day in-class training are Advanced Mesmerism and Magnetism.

Is the fee deducted if I attend in class later?

Yes. If you enrol for an in-class training at any time in the future, the fees of your distance learning training are automatically deducted from the in-class fee.

What qualification does this training lead to?

A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis, issued on completion of the examination and self-assessments.

Enquire about this training

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Eight consecutive days

Hypnosis training, eight days in class

The in-class training runs over eight consecutive days and is where you learn to induce hypnosis under supervision. Two intakes are scheduled for 2027: Sydney from Friday 22 to Friday 29 January, and Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from Friday 5 to Friday 12 March. Places are limited.

Both intakesCambodia information
Eight-day in-class training
AUD $6,000

USD $4,500 in any other country, and less again for existing distance learning students.

The eight days

Days one to four are Advanced Hypnosis training conducted by Rick Collingwood. Day five is Advanced Mind Dynamics Training conducted by Michael Nadalin, covering self-hypnosis and using hypnosis for business and marketing a practice.

Days six to eight are Advanced Mesmerism and Magnetism training, including how to combine those methods with hypnosis in practice. The eight days run consecutively, as one block.

Dates and locations

Sydney runs from Friday 22 to Friday 29 January 2027, eight days inclusive, at AUD $6,000. Phnom Penh, Cambodia, runs from Friday 5 to Friday 12 March 2027, eight days inclusive, at USD $4,500.

Classes are limited in size, so the earlier you enquire the more choice you have over the intake you join. Accommodation, districts, currency, visas and nearby travel for the Cambodia intake are set out on the Phnom Penh, Cambodia training information page.

How the days are taught

The in-class training is hands-on and experiential. You practise on other students under supervision, and no knowledge is withheld in order to upsell you into another training.

Because the days run as a block rather than weekly evenings, most students complete the in-class requirement in a single period of leave. Online theory opens the day you register, so study begins well before the practical days.

Assessment and the qualification issued

The in-class training requires completion of the eight days, together with an examination and self-assessments. Practical competency is assessed live, in the room, which is why this component cannot be completed remotely.

A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis is issued on successful completion.

What in-class enrolment includes beyond the eight days

In-class students gain automatic access to the student training and resource centre and to the materials in both the Hypnosis and Mesmerism portals, including all training manuals and training videos. Six online group monthly Zoom trainings of two hours each are included.

In-class students can also repeat any future training at a very low cost. Resource centre access is permanent and free.

Fees and what is not included

The fee is AUD $6,000 in Australia and USD $4,500 in any other country, and less again for existing distance learning students. If you studied online first, those fees are automatically deducted from the in-class fee.

Travel and accommodation for the in-class days are not included, and neither are professional association membership or insurance fees once you qualify.

What enrolment includes

  • Eight consecutive days of in-class training
  • Automatic access to both the Hypnosis and Mesmerism portals of the resource centre
  • All training manuals and training videos from both portals
  • Six online group monthly Zoom trainings, two hours each
  • An examination and self-assessments
  • A Diploma of Advanced Clinical Hypnosis, and the ability to repeat any future training at a very low cost

Common questions

Can any of the eight days be completed online?

No. Practical competency is assessed live, in the room, so the in-class component cannot be completed remotely or by video.

Do I have to attend all eight days?

Yes. The eight days run consecutively as one block, and attendance across all of them is required because competency is assessed live.

Do I have to travel to Sydney?

Two intakes are scheduled for 2027. Sydney runs from 22 to 29 January and Phnom Penh, Cambodia, runs from 5 to 12 March, so students choose whichever suits their travel.

I have already completed a distance learning training. What do I pay?

Those fees are automatically deducted from the in-class fee, and the in-class fee is less again for existing distance learning students. The exact figure is confirmed in the current information pack.

Are travel and accommodation included?

No. Travel and accommodation for the in-class days are arranged and paid for by the student.

Enquire about this training

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For enrolled students

Hypnotherapy training student resources

This page lists the twelve Diploma video lesson topics and where enrolled students access them. The videos sit in the "Monthly Diploma Videos" section of the student training and resource centre. It is a reference for students who are already enrolled.

Diploma video viewing topics

All the Diploma of Clinical Hypnotherapy videos and topics are found in the "Monthly Diploma Videos" section in the student training and resource centre at www.rickcollingwoodhypnosis.com.

01

Lesson One: Mind-Body Communication

How suggestion given in hypnosis reaches the body, and what that link means in clinical work.

02

Lesson Two: Abreactions within Hypnosis

What an abreaction is, how it presents during a session, and how the hypnotist responds when one occurs.

03

Lesson Three: Hypnosis for Pain Management

Applying hypnosis to the management of pain, and the boundaries of that work alongside conventional medical treatment.

04

Lesson Four: Hypnotic Regression (Present and Past Life)

Regression work covering both present-life material and past-life material.

05

Lesson Five: Script Writing & Trance Deepening

Writing hypnotic scripts for a client, and the methods used to deepen a trance once it is established.

06

Lesson Six: Magnetism and Energy Shifting

The magnetism material that also runs through the Mesmerism and Magnetism training, and how energy is shifted in a session.

07

Lesson Seven: Hypnotic Transference

How transference arises between hypnotist and subject, and how it is managed in a clinical setting.

08

Lesson Eight: Hypnosis for Children

How hypnosis is adapted when the subject is a child, and how that differs from work with adults.

09

Lesson Nine: Conscious - Subconscious Interfacing

How the conscious and subconscious minds are addressed in hypnosis, and how a hypnotist works across both.

10

Lesson Ten: Successful Inductions and Subconscious Compliance

Induction methods that reliably produce trance, and what gains subconscious compliance once the subject is under.

11

Lesson Eleven: Hypnosis for Addiction and Substance Abuse

Applying hypnosis to addiction and substance abuse presentations in clinical practice.

12

Lesson Twelve: Ethics and Operating a Clinical Practice

The ethical obligations of a practising hypnotherapist, and the practical side of running a clinical practice.

What else is in the portals

Enrolment includes the student training and resource centre, the training manuals, the training videos, and six two-hour online group monthly Zoom trainings. Distance learning students have access to the portal for the training they enrolled in: the Hypnosis portal, the Mesmerism portal, or both.

In-class students receive automatic access to the resource centre and the materials in both portals, and can repeat any future training at a very low cost. Resource centre access is permanent and free.

Questions about access

Access questions, missing lessons and enrolment queries go through the contact page. The Academy is a training organisation and does not take hypnotherapy treatment enquiries from members of the public.

For the full curriculum outline rather than the video list, see the hypnotherapy courses page.

Blog · three posts a week

Hypnotherapy training notes

Rick Collingwood's articles on hypnosis, technique, client work and the history of mesmerism, alongside notes on the training. The back catalogue is republished here at its original dates.

All posts

Hypnotherapy courses Training fees About Rick Collingwood
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Considering the training?

The information pack covers course outlines, the Sydney and Phnom Penh, Cambodia 2027 dates, fees and registration terms.

Free · no card required

Free hypnotherapy training

Try the material before you commit to a qualification. Register once and we send an introductory lesson, a hypnosis MP3, an induction walkthrough and the full prospectus.

What you receive

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See the paid trainings Hypnotherapy training fees Training dates and locations
Courses

Hypnotherapy courses built for practice

About our training curriculums

The Global Hypnosis Academy training is second to none. Both the in-class and the online distance learning trainings are thorough and structured so that every student learns the theoretical and practical skills needed to become a confident, competent hypnotherapist.

What you receive on enrolment

An acceptance letter with your dates and details, all required training manuals in eBook format, and a password for the Academy's comprehensive online student training and resource centre, filled with training videos and relevant books.

You keep permanent free access to the resource centre, and you can begin your training at your own pace immediately upon registration.

The eight in-class days

3 days Hypnosis training
1 day Self-hypnosis, and how to market your practice
4 days Magnetism and Mesmerism, and how to combine it with hypnosis in practice

Dates and venues are listed on the training locations page.

The in-class Diploma of Clinical Hypnotherapy requires the completion of those eight days, together with a 150-question open-book examination and five self-assessments.

On successful completion, all students receive a professional Diploma of Clinical Hypnotherapy and a Transcript of Studies. If you would rather read it all in one document first, download the prospectus.

Compare the course fees Hypnotherapy training locations and dates
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Course fees

Distance learning is USD $999 for the Hypnosis training and USD $999 for the Mesmerism training, or USD $1,500 for both. The eight-day in-class training is AUD $6,000 in Australia and USD $4,500 in any other country.

If you study online first and later attend an in-class training, your distance learning fees are automatically deducted from the in-class fee.

Full detail on each training

Distance learning, hypnosisDistance learning, mesmerismEight days in class
Locations

Hypnotherapy Training Australia & Internationally

Two in-class intakes are scheduled: Sydney from Friday 22 to Friday 29 January 2027, and Phnom Penh, Cambodia from Friday 5 to Friday 12 March 2027. Online study begins the day you register, from anywhere. Choose your city for travel and enrolment detail.

Upcoming in-class training dates

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Eight-day in-class training
Advanced Hypnosis, Advanced Mind Dynamics, Advanced Mesmerism and Magnetism
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Phnom Penh, Cambodia training information

Training by city

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Venue address and start times are confirmed with your acceptance letter. International trainings are scheduled on request.

Compare the hypnotherapy courses Hypnotherapy training fees Phnom Penh, Cambodia training information Download the prospectus

Hypnotherapy Training {{ cityName }}

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Download the prospectus See the courses
Next in-class intake
Sydney, 22-29 Jan 2027
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The qualification is deliberately split. Theory, history, ethics and case work are delivered online through the students resource centre, which you work through at your own pace from {{ cityName }}. The practical component - inductions, supervised practice and assessment - happens in the room, in Sydney, because competency is assessed live.

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Get the information pack: course outlines, the Sydney and Phnom Penh, Cambodia 2027 dates, fees and registration terms.

Enquire about this training

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Founder & principal

Rick Collingwood

Rick Collingwood is a therapeutic hypnotist, hypnosis and mesmerism trainer, lecturer, public speaker and author. He is the founder and president of Mind Motivations, established in 1993. He has trained hypnosis in Australia and internationally for the past 31 years and is the founder and president of the Global Hypnosis Academy.

He developed a unique style of hypnosis from a combination of traditional hypnosis, Ericksonian hypnosis and mesmerism. Drawing on the direct and rapid methods used by both modern hypnotists and the hypnotists of the past, he moulded those techniques into a therapeutic model - and that model is what the Academy teaches. The curriculum is created, formatted and updated by him.

He has personally assisted many thousands of people. His clients have included international movie stars, commercial airline pilots, psychologists, medical professionals, sales motivators, business people, homemakers and children, facing challenges from stress disorders, nicotine and drug dependency and gambling addiction to pain management, depression, panic disorder, insomnia, chronic fatigue syndrome and cancer.

Peer acknowledged as one of the world's most skilled professional hypnotists and hypnosis trainers, he has trained more than 5,000 students in the correct and effective use of his hypnosis styles.

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Hypnosis Field Therapy and the 2005 cancer trial

In 2005, in conjunction with pharmacist Nathan Elliott, Rick conducted Australia's first monitored clinical study evaluating improvements in quality of life using hypnosis as an adjunct to conventional medical treatment. The participants were nine doctor-referred and doctor-monitored volunteers living with various cancers at various stages of progression.

The advanced techniques used in that trial became Hypnosis Field Therapy - a deep trance methodology that works on the subconscious patterns underlying a habit, emotional issue or health concern. They have been developed further across thousands of hours of clinical experiment and research since.

Read the full trial report: the method, the results, the nine participant records and the references.

In the media

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Achievements

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The Academy

Founded in 1993, the Academy has taught clinical hypnosis as a significant and valuable modality within the professions of physical and emotional healing for three decades. More than 5,000 students have been trained in Australia and internationally.

Graduates practise in Australia, New Zealand, the USA, the UK, Germany, Sweden, Canada, Iceland, Fiji, South Africa, Holland and Costa Rica. Training is recognised by the major hypnosis associations in Australia and accredited by the Hypnotherapy Council of Australia.

Recognition and accreditation

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Information pack

Everything you need, in one document

Tell us where to send it. We will also let you know when the next intake in your city opens.

What's in the hypnotherapy training prospectus

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On its way

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Clinical research, 2005

Hypnosis and cancer

In 2005 in Perth, Western Australia, Rick Collingwood and pharmacist Nathan Elliott ran a clinical trial measuring what specialised mind body hypnosis did to the quality of life of cancer patients. Nine patients took part. Eight completed all six sessions. The full report is below, unedited.

Participants
Nine, four male and five female
Sessions
Six each, one hypnotherapist
Instrument
EORTC QLQ-C30 core questionnaire
Analysis
Paired t-test
What this trial did not test

The trial measured quality of life. It did not test whether hypnosis treats or cures cancer, and it makes no such claim. Rick Collingwood's own position, in his words from the report: asked whether hypnosis can cure cancer, his answer is definitely not.

Every participant obtained a referral from their treating doctor and stayed on their conventional medical treatment throughout. Anyone diagnosed with cancer should listen first to their oncologist and medical doctor.

A word from Rick

I have spent more than twenty years in full time practice as a clinical hypnotherapist and I have been training hypnosis since 1996. During that time I have helped thousands of individuals afflicted with a vast array of physical and emotional challenges. Most have been able to move beyond their restricting belief systems and gain some benefit, but there are always a few exceptions.

There is endless speculation from all quarters regarding the causes of and cures for cancer, and there are even more therapies available to the afflicted, but there is no panacea or magic bullet. While billions of dollars are spent every year on research, cancer itself continues to spread throughout the world, striking randomly and leaving too much physical, mental, emotional and financial destruction in its wake.

There is a school of thought that all sickness, and cancer especially, results from emotional imbalances. In my opinion there must be an emotional and stress component to many diseases, but to state that all cancer is caused by an emotional conflict is foolish and incorrect, because many of the emotional associations to a disease take hold after a conscious awareness of it. Cancer is caused by many reasons and they are as different and individual as the many types of disease called cancer. The fundamental cause is largely unknown, but the reasons include environmental, genetic and emotional factors to varying degrees, or a combination of all three.

For most cancers the fact remains that there is no cure, and I would advise all seekers to steer a wide berth around any person who claims that all cancer is caused by the mind, or that they can cure cancer, if those claims cannot be backed up with valid and verifiable scientific evidence. I would also advise any person diagnosed with cancer to listen firstly to their oncologist and medical doctor. Common sense dictates that a healthy attitude, fresh food, clean water, some daily sunshine, exercise and good sleep is an idealistic pattern for all, whether presently healthy or not.

There are many derivatives of hypnosis facading behind snappy names and acronyms, which sometimes purport remarkable or instant remedies for all manner of ills. I propose that apparently miraculous cures often miraculously reverse into the non-permanence of wishful thinking. Just because an individual who has been sick may feel better, it does not mean that they are in fact well.

Why I undertook the trial

Firstly, I was having successes using hypnosis to alleviate the crippling effects in sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome and non-insulin dependent diabetes. Then I did experimental work with Parkinson's disease which yielded significant results in the amelioration of symptoms. I stress that I insist any sick person I work with must remain under their doctor's care and stay on their prescribed medications.

The final reason was the numerous testimonials arriving in my inbox from people all over Australia reporting significant benefits from regular use of my Mind-Body Healing Program. All of the participants in the clinical study were required to use the program daily as an adjunct to their weekly in-person hypnosis sessions for the entire duration of the protocol.

Beyond my years as a therapist, I learned a lot from this study. I learned about excruciating physical and emotional pain. I learned about hope. I learned about fear. I learned about faith and the strength of the human spirit. But mostly I learned about respect. Not only for the sufferers who took part, but for every victim of cancer and their families, and for those people from all of the caring professions who work tirelessly to bring healing and comfort to the sufferers of cancer.

In my opinion this study has been a success beyond my expectations, and I believe beyond the expectations of the participants. I would like to thank them all, and to thank my colleague Nathan Elliott, a pharmacist also endowed with the knowledge and skills of hypnosis. Without Nathan's academic and professional expertise this trial would not have been possible. This was our trial, not mine alone. Thanks also to the medical doctors and oncologists who had the open-mindedness to approve their patients into the trial.

I do not believe that anything can cure most cancers, but I do believe that cancer is sometimes created from within, and that once a sufferer has a conscious awareness of the diagnosis then the mind plays a significant part in the experience and the outcome of the treatment.

Because there are now so many modalities that profess to be hypnosis but are actually only aspects of it, I strongly discourage any person from using hypnosis for curative purposes without first consulting their medical doctor. Also ensure that the hypnotherapist has adequate knowledge and training in the use of hypnosis, and experience with the specialist techniques required to work with pain management.

This trial and all my cancer work was and is undertaken using traditional hypnosis, not snappy named hybrids. It is far more involved than just relaxing someone and having them imagine an army of good soldiers hunting down cancer cells. It took me five years of experimental work to formulate the correct procedures and terminologies to get the results presented here.

The clinical report

Collingwood BR, Elliott NJ

Hypnosis as an allied therapy to improve the quality of life of cancer patients

Australian Academy of Hypnosis and Advanced Mind Dynamics Pty Ltd, Perth, Australia

Abstract

Complementary and alternative medicine used by cancer patients is becoming much more prevalent the world over. Many beneficial outcomes have been seen from the addition of hypnosis to conventional protocols. As with all treatments, the focus of the hypnotherapy is to ameliorate the effects of pain and to restore a level of psychological and physical wellbeing and functioning. The EORTC QLQ-C30 core questionnaire was used to assess changes in perceived quality of life. Each patient received six hypnotherapy sessions, conducted by the same hypnotherapist each time, and questionnaires were completed prior to induction of trance.

Responses were evaluated comparing the initial questionnaire with the final questionnaire. Statistically significant improvements were noted with fatigue, global health status, insomnia and physical functioning. All aspects of the questionnaire showed improvement following the six sessions. Overall, patients experienced the benefit of hypnosis in reducing symptoms and increasing their overall quality of life. Many commented that commencing hypnosis at the time of diagnosis, and continuing throughout their treatment, would have been greatly beneficial.

Background

Complementary and alternative medicine used by cancer patients is becoming much more prevalent around the world. Patients with all tumour types and stages use it in the hope of cure, disease control, longer survival, improved quality of life and palliation. Most is used in addition to current conventional medical treatment, therefore it does not reduce health costs, and disclosure to physicians is usually incomplete. Breast cancer patients who use it tend to have higher levels of psychosocial distress.

Introduction

During the period surrounding a diagnosis of cancer, people can experience anxiety, emotional and physical distress and mood disturbance. During treatment these symptoms are often compounded by side-effects including nausea, vomiting, and procedural and disease related physical pain. Conventional medicine targets pain, distress and depression, however conventional treatments do not always relieve these symptoms to patient satisfaction. Often these patients will opt for complementary and alternative medicine such as acupuncture, naturopathy, homoeopathy and mind-body techniques in an attempt to reduce symptoms, and even in the hope of a cure.

The National Institutes of Health define mind-body therapies as interventions that use a variety of techniques designed to facilitate the mind's capacity to affect bodily functions and symptoms. Many hospitals are seeing the benefit of these therapies in conjunction with current treatments and establishing mind-body cancer research programs. Hypnosis has been used to reduce side-effects and allow patients to function better emotionally and physically, and many literature reviews describe beneficial outcomes from its addition to conventional protocols.

Quality of life in cancer patients is one common measure for treatment success, particularly in palliation. Symptoms relating to psychological distress and existential concerns are even more prevalent than pain and other physical symptoms among those with life-limiting conditions. Specific non-Ericksonian hypnosis techniques were used in the study that follows.

Patients and methods

The study was conducted on nine patients, four male and five female, with various cancers: one prostate, two bowel, three breast and two oesophageal. To participate, patients obtained a referral from their treating doctor and were required to remain on current conventional medical treatment unless modified by that doctor. The EORTC QLQ-C30 core questionnaire was used to assess changes in perceived quality of life, completed at the initial interview and then prior to each hypnosis session. All patients completed the questionnaires unassisted and all questions were answered. Patients were also given a hypnosis recording to listen to once a day for the course of the study. Each patient received six hypnotherapy sessions with the same hypnotherapist. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test analysis.

Of the nine patients commencing the study, eight completed all six sessions. One female patient withdrew after four sessions due to weakness following intensive radiotherapy. The average age of male patients was 63 years, range 50 to 76. The average age of female patients was 56 years, range 47 to 64. All patients completing the study maintained regular contact with their doctor.

Clinical results

Functional scales improve as the number rises. Symptom scales improve as the number falls. Every scale moved in the direction of improvement.

Measure Initial Session six p value
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Figure 2
Insomnia
0%25%50%75%100%13%75%Not at all25%25%A little bit50%Quite a bit13%Very muchInitial, mean 53.75Session six, mean 8.25

Patients rated their lack of sleep over the previous week on a four-point scale. Three quarters reported no insomnia at all by the sixth session.

Figure 3
Nausea and vomiting
0%25%50%75%100%50%100%025%173313%506713%83100Initial, mean 20.88Session six, mean 0.00

Scored 0 to 100. Every patient scored zero at the sixth session, and the group reduced its as-required anti-nausea medication over the same period.

Figure 4
Fatigue
0%25%50%75%100%25%013%38%1113%38%2250%334413%5513%667788100Initial, mean 35.75Session six, mean 12.38

Scored 0 to 100. Fatigue showed the largest statistical response of any measure in the trial.

Discussion

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent form of sleep difficulty which reduces quality of life, decreases work potential and increases health care utilisation. One of the most statistically significant improvements in the analysis was in insomnia. The patients' initial responses were slightly higher than those suggested for the general population, which would be expected as disease and mood factors influence insomnia. The response to hypnosis was rapid, with most patients reporting dramatic improvement within the first three sessions, and that improvement was then maintained for the remainder of the study. Emotional functioning issues like irritability, tension, anxiety and depression all decreased over the same period, which may have added to it.

Gastrointestinal symptoms

Many symptoms patients experience during cancer treatment are related either to their medication or directly to the cancer. Gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhoea and constipation can lead to nausea and appetite loss. Throughout the study period the participants showed increased appetite and reduced nausea and vomiting. One patient was amazed by the return of normal taste sensation instead of a metallic taste, and another began to put on weight while undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Over the study period patients reduced their as-required anti-nausea medication, which indicates the reduction was not merely in their perception of the symptom or an increased effect of current medication.

Physical functioning

Physical functioning covers the ability to take a long or short walk, the need to spend time in bed or a chair, the ability to carry out daily activities and the ability to perform strenuous activity. During the study there were changes in patients' perception of daily activities. Initially many described a long walk as a distance of one kilometre. At the conclusion of the study many perceived a long walk to be four kilometres or more. The increase in energy described by patients, and the change in their perception of a long walk, may indicate direct effects on the body's energy levels from the hypnosis, not just an increase in sleep reducing fatigue.

Fatigue

Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms experienced by cancer patients and is associated with significant impairment in functioning and overall quality of life. It showed the greatest response statistically, with all patients describing increased energy levels, decreased time spent at rest and a greater ability to live their lives the way they wish.

Global health status

Global health status represents a patient's feeling as to their overall wellbeing, based upon that individual's beliefs and experiences. During the study some participants' global health status measure dipped dramatically after the second session, even with improvements in all other aspects of their questionnaire. When questioned about this decline, they stated that they had previously been comparing their quality of life with when they were sick, and now compared it to how they felt before they had any symptoms. All patients in their subsequent questionnaires then showed improved global health status, which indicates the change in outlook of participants to their quality of life.

Conclusions

The hypnotic techniques used in this study demonstrated significant improvements in all aspects of the patients' quality of life. Patients had more energy, were more active after hypnosis and were more able to cope with the difficulties they face in their everyday lives. A clinically significant improvement was seen with insomnia, nausea, physical functioning and global health status.

Hypnosis can affect perception of symptoms, however in this study the results seemed to point to a deeper change, with energy and fatigue being modified positively. The experience of hypnosis was described as beneficial by all patients. Patients commented that they would have seen the best benefit if hypnosis was begun around the time of diagnosis and continued throughout their treatment.

In this study, hypnosis has been beneficial for symptom control and for increasing the quality of life in patients with cancer. Further research into the use of specific non-Ericksonian hypnosis techniques for symptom control and improved quality of life, involving a larger number of participants, is needed to support these results.

The nine participants

Each participant kept a verbal record at every session. The reports are reproduced as they were taken. Participants are unnamed in the original.

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Diagnosis
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Medical care
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Presenting issues
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References

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About Rick Collingwood